张殿宝 张宪芬 郭艳珍 张治业?姚俊
[摘要] 意图 评论吉西他滨联合多西他赛三线医治对复发小细胞肺癌患者生计期的影响。 办法 将我院经依托泊苷联合铂类(EP)及伊立替康联合铂类(IP)化疗后复发或无效的小细胞肺癌患者随机分为三线化疗组和支撑医治组,比较两组患者生计期。 成果 三线化疗组有用率19.35%(6/31),疾病操控率35.48%(11/31),中位生计时刻17(13,21)周,支撑医治组中位生计时刻13(12,14)周,两组生计期比较,差异具有核算学含义(P<0.05),两组中局期限患者生计期比较,差异具有核算学含义(P<0.05),而广泛期患者生计期比较无核算学含义。 定论 吉西他滨联合多西他赛对复发或无效的局期限小细胞肺癌有必定的作用,能够考虑作为三线医治计划。
[关键词] 吉西他滨;多西他赛;小细胞肺癌;三线医治
[中图分类号] R734.2 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 2095-0616(2015)19-97-04
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect of gemcitabine plus docetaxel as the third line therapy on the survival time of patients with recurrent small cell lung cancer. Methods The patients with small cell lung cancer in our hospital who had a relapse or invalid treatment after chemotherapy with etoposide combined with cisplatin (EP) and irinotecan combined with cisplatin (IP) were randomly divided into three line chemotherapy group and support treatment group. The patients' survival time of these two groups were compared. Results The effective rate of Three Line Chemotherapy Group was 19.35% (6/31) and the disease control rate was 35.48% (11/31). The median survival time of Three Line Chemotherapy Group was 17 weeks (13, 21) while that of the support group was 13 weeks (12, 14). There was a statistically significant difference in the survival time between the two groups (P<0.05). Specifically, there was a statistically significant difference in the survival time between the two groups in local stage(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the survival time in extensive stage. Conclusion Gemcitabine plus docetaxel have a certain curative effect on refractory small cell lung cancer in limited stage and can be considered as a third line treatment.
[Key words] Docetaxel; Gemcitabine; Small cell lung cancer; Third line therapy
肺癌是世界上发病率及逝世率最高的恶性肿瘤,其间大约有13%的患者为小细胞肺癌[1]。尽管小细胞肺癌对放化疗较为灵敏,但由于其恶性程度高,易前期复发和搬运,医治作用并不抱负。现在NCCN攻略将“EP”计划作为小细胞肺癌的规范计划,联合放疗有用期可达70%~90%,而广泛期患者“IP”计划亦为首选计划之一,有用率可达60%~70%。但是,大多数小细胞肺癌复发后均会耐药,二线化疗有用率较低,仅为10%~25%,现在尚无规范的三线化疗计划[4]。拓扑替康、伊立替康、多西他赛、吉西他滨都是可挑选的化疗药物,本研讨经前瞻性随机对照研讨,了解吉西他滨联合多西他赛计划化疗在复发或无效的小细胞肺癌患者中的作用,现报导如下。
1 材料与办法
1.1 一般材料
将河南科技大学榜首隶属医院肿瘤内科2010年1月~2013年12月经病理学确诊为小细胞肺癌且经“EP”、“IP”计划化疗后复发或无效的患者61例,随机分为两组,一组为三线化疗组,共31例,男17例,女14例,年纪在42~71岁,均匀(58.5±2.4)岁,局期限患者21例,广泛期10例;另一组为支撑医治组,共30例,男16例,女14例,年纪在45~71岁,均匀(59.3±1.7)岁,局期限患者22例,广泛期8例。两组患者膂力情况(PS)评分均≤2分,年纪、性别,病况分期之间无核算学差异,血常规、肝肾功能均契合化疗规范。
1.2 医治办法
将入组患者随机分为两组。三线化疗组,给予吉西他滨(江苏豪森药业股份有限公司,H20030105)1000mg/m2,d1,8,多西他赛(江苏恒瑞医药股份有限公司,H20030561)75mg/m2,d1,每3周重复,承受化疗≥2周期,化疗期间及化疗后每3天复查血象,每次化疗前复查肝肾功能,有反常患者可推迟化疗,予以粒细胞集落刺激因子、白介素-11、护肝药物等支撑医治,待契合化疗规范后开端下周期化疗,若呈现Ⅳ级毒性反响可减量25%。每2周期行CT查看点评作用,最多化疗6周期。另一组为支撑医治组,选用最佳支撑医治。endprint
1.3 作用及毒副反响点评
参照RECIST1.1实体瘤作用点评规范。肿瘤完全缓解(CR)、部分缓解(PR)为化疗有用,CR、PR及安稳(SD)均为疾病操控。毒副反响按WHO抗肿瘤药物不良反响的分度规范[1]进行点评,首要为血液毒性,分为0~Ⅳ度。生计期为确诊至逝世或末次随访时刻。
1.4 核算学处理
随访时刻从开端化疗日起至2015年4月1日,死者患儿核算结尾为逝世时刻,别离核算各期生计率,选用SPSS15.0核算软件进行数据剖析,组间比较选用x2查验,Kaplan-Meier法制作生计曲线,查验水准α=0.05,P<0.05为差异有核算学含义。
2 成果
2.1 作用
三线医治组31例患者共完结118个化疗周期,均匀每例患者3.81个周期。CR 0例,PR 6例,SD 5例,PD 19例,有用率19.35%(6/31);疾病操控率35.48%(11/31)。组两组患者生计比较见表1。三线化疗组与支撑医治组生计剖析显现总体上无生计优势,但亚组剖析显现局期限患者在三线医治组中有显着优势,差异有核算学含义。图1 显现亚组剖析中局期限患者在三线化疗组有生计优势。
2.2 毒副反响
毒副反响首要为骨髓按捺,三线医治组31例患者中6例发作Ⅲ~Ⅳ度血小板削减,发作率19.35%;贫血4例(12.90%),Ⅰ~Ⅱ级3例,Ⅲ~Ⅳ级1例;中性粒细胞下降22例(70.97%),Ⅰ~Ⅱ级17例,Ⅲ~Ⅳ级的中性粒细胞下降5例。其他毒副反响首要有反响有腹泻、口腔溃疡、肝功能危害,均为Ⅰ~Ⅱ级,无医治相关性逝世。
3 评论
小细胞肺癌从曩昔的规范一线化疗计划“CAV”到现在的“EP”计划,从曩昔的尚无规范的二线计划到现在的“IP”或“TP”(拓扑替康联合铂类)[7-8]、“AP”(氨柔比星联合铂类)[6]等多种计划,尽管这些化疗计划提高了化疗有用率,现在研讨以为总缓解率在10%~88%,但生计期仍较时刻短(中位生计期为3.0~11.8个月)[5],一线、二线化疗失利后一般情况仍较好,能承受化疗的患者需求考虑三线化疗,现在以为氨柔比星、多西他赛、吉西他滨、培美曲塞、紫杉醇、异环磷酰胺均可用于三线化疗[9],但尚无规范的三线化疗计划,因此二线化疗失利后的挑选适当困难。
吉西他滨是阿糖胞苷的结构类似物,体内经脱氧胞苷激酶作用,在细胞内磷酸化构成二磷酸盐和三磷酸盐两种活性产品后发挥细胞毒作用,首要的药理作用是细胞毒作用、自增强作用。是细胞周期特异性抗代谢类药物,首要作用于DNA组成期的肿瘤细胞,即S期细胞,在必定条件下,能够阻挠G1期向S期的发展。有学者进行了吉西他滨单药或联合计划医治复发小细胞肺癌的研讨[10-13],吉西他滨单药化疗计划在复发患者中有用率为13%,初治患者中有用率达27%,关于吉西他滨的Ⅰ/Ⅱ期研讨中三联化疗计划PEG(顺铂+依托泊苷+吉西他滨)及PG(顺铂+吉西他滨)显现了较高的缓解率(57%~76%)[14-15],尽管这些研讨成果并不抱负,但已证明了其有用性[16-17]。多西他赛是紫杉类化疗药物,其经过加强微管蛋白聚合作用和按捺微管解聚作用,导致构成安稳的非功能性微管制,因此损坏肿瘤细胞的有丝分裂。亦为细胞周期特异性抗肿瘤药,可特异性作用于M期细胞。多西他赛单药或联合使用于小细胞肺癌的研讨较少,研讨以为在复发小细胞肺癌中其有必定的作用。最近,Skarlos DV等[18]使用吉西他滨联合多西他赛计划一线医治广泛期小细胞肺癌获得了必定的作用,均匀随访13个月,中位时刻(TTP)发展是8个月,中位生计9.6个月,两药联合显现了中等的有用率。
本研讨将吉西他滨联合多西他赛三线医治复发小细胞肺癌与最佳支撑医治对照剖析,局期限患者有生计优势,广泛期患者生计期无核算学差异,考虑原由于广泛期患者入组病例较少,医治作用差,生计期较短所造成的。一切患者显现了较好的耐受性,无化疗引起的相关逝世,毒副作用能够承受,有用率为9.8%,在临床中有必定的参考价值。
[参考文献]
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(收稿日期:2015-07-03)endprint
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